Equal Footing
When we talk politics it can be tempting to dress the stage as if there are always two coequal and opposing positions to be debated. Many times this simply isn’t the case, as there can be more than two options and among those various positions, each can have a different level of validity. We don’t make any pretense that the Flat Earth Society has equal footing on matters of geography as a person who recognizes the spherical properties of the earth, for example. But even after getting past these more basic foundational points of setting up the debate, we still fall prey to the assumption that among the groups, which are allowed to have equal footing in the public sphere, each is speaking in the same terms. And those terms are important because you can’t have the debate at all until you are able to agree that, say in the context of this particular discussion, the terms liberal and conservative mean something fairly specific. But too often in American political discourse we allow a false dichotomy to emerge when talking about the conservative and liberal positions, which makes conversation difficult and progress damn near impossible.
Specifically what I’m talking about is the assumption that the major division between conservatives and liberals is that conservatives want X and liberals want the opposite of X. Take for instance the debate over the size of government. Conservatives are adamant that what they want is small government, setting aside all the instances of expanded government under conservatives. Well, to follow this framework it would therefore be easy to assume that liberals want bigger government, but this isn’t the case. Ok it might be the case for some living, breathing liberal straw man out there who actually thinks it’s a good goal to just strive for larger government as an end in itself, but that is not the position of the vast majority of liberals. Liberals, progressives, the Left, etc want effective government. Sometimes that means larger government to provide certain services that the market doesn’t provide as well, e.g. healthcare, defense, education. Sometimes it means smaller government, e.g. getting government out of our bedrooms, defending privacy. Sometimes it can even mean just that the government is present in the form of regulations to keep markets moving in a less destructive way, e.g. requiring car manufacturers to install seatbelts. But never is the undaunted growth of government the goal of the Left, whereas simply shrinking government is lauded as good governance on the Right.
The conservative extremism that has taken hold of the modern Republican Party demands that we take sides on one of two extremes, but the rest of us don’t play by that narrative. However, the real world result is that by comparison, the moderate and well thought out position is tacitly put on par with the extremist position. When we talk about taxes in the US, the GOP is clear that they want lower taxes, that’s the goal, and so it must be the case that liberals want higher taxes, right? No, the Right shows how they don’t even understand their own propaganda with the way they totally ignore that the Laffer Curve is a hyperbola and not a line. The justification for lowering taxes is that it will raise revenue by stimulating the economy, but if you get rid of the IRS, get rid of taxes, make the tax rate too low you do indeed decrease revenue. You can only lower taxes so much before you not only decrease revenue but actively hurt the economy by getting rid of the parts of government that stimulate growth, promote investment, improve infrastructure, defend the consumer and worker, etc. In no situation, though, will you hear someone on the Left claim that the goal is to raise taxes, and not just because it would be politically unpopular. The Left understands that there are times to cut taxes, there are times to raise taxes, and generally it’s better to think about what you do for more than 0 seconds.
The Right has been quite effective at pushing through this mentality, which is why it has almost become impossible to talk about economics outside of a very narrow spectrum, but it’s not just economics. On nearly every debate the Right has set itself in opposition to an extreme that doesn’t exist and then label the moderate opposition as if it were the extreme. Take for instance the debate over abortion rights. The Far Right states plainly that no woman should be able to access an abortion under any circumstance: rape, incest, safety of the mother, etc. The opposite extreme to this position would have to be that every pregnancy should be terminated, or at least the government should have some say in dictating when a mother must undergo an abortion procedure, as is the case under China’s one child policy. Even the least extreme of those opposites is simply not thought of in passing by the Left, which argues that a woman has the right to access an abortion if she feels it’s necessary. We could be talking about how best to prevent abortions, which incidentally is to keep them safe and legal, but instead we are forced to believe that the opposite of the “pro-life” position is “pro-choice.” Pro-choice is the appropriate middle ground in this discussion, not the opposite extreme of the Far Right.
Depending on how philosophical you want to get, this same analysis holds water as a critique of the Right. When talking about race relations, I’ve heard many conservatives talk about the debate between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. On the one hand you have Washington who argued that Blacks need to simply work harder and be better than their white counterparts so that they earn the respect of society and having done that, civil rights and equality would eventually come. On the other hand you have DuBois saying that Blacks need to be active in the struggle of advancing the rights of black people politically and drive the change of society that way. Washington was responsible for the Tuskegee Institute and advocated that Black people learn vocational skills, whereas DuBois was responsible for the NAACP and advocated that Black people strive for higher education. And in every conversation I’ve ever had with a conservative making this point they then conclude that the Right sides with Washington and the Left sides with DuBois, because the Right thinks that it would have been better if Black people had earned their rights and the Left just wanted to try and force society to accept Blacks as they are. This too is a faulty assessment of the Left’s position.
It’s true that the Right is more comfortable with the idea that minorities still have to earn their rights, but the Left doesn’t just accept DuBois, we argue for both at the same time. Political movements are about getting the ball rolling by all means possible, and people get accepted in societies by being recognized by society. This is why Washington is right that Black people need to work harder just to be seen as equal to Whites in a society that assumes less of them, but also why DuBois is right that there needs to be a movement to force political change that protects people. The same has been true with the struggle for LGBT rights. The visibility of extremely talented gay people can move the conversation forward, but it’s toothless without a movement that simultaneously fights for all LGBT people, even those that aren’t exceptionally talented or famous. It can never be an “either, or” situation or else anyone, no matter how peaceful and moderate, will be labeled as an extremist for trying to change the status quo. This is why Dr King needed a figure like Malcolm X to advance his piece of the Civil Rights struggle. There were already people in establishment positions who thought that Dr King was an extremist, but they were forced to recognize what an actual extremist position was from Black Power movements, such as Malcolm X’s. It’s only the Right that dogmatically asserts that we need to choose sides in this way and pits the extremes against each other, but so many of us tacitly accept it regardless.
Perhaps the most clear example of this false dichotomy came from the mouth of our previous president, “Either you are with us, or you’re with the terrorists.” This was the fatuous claim of the early War on Terror, where disagreement with the president was tantamount to treason. Interesting to note that the Right has finally accepted that this was a wrongheaded argument, if only so that they could perpetually attack the first Black president. The Democratic Party, and the American political Left such as it is, is the only party that’s sounding rational these days, but we are supposed to believe that the extremist positions in the GOP are equivalent. Well let me be the first to say, “no more.” Until the Right learns to live in the real world, where things are a little more complicated than schoolyard morality, then they don’t deserve to be treated as if they are actually contributing anything productive to the conversation. They need to earn their equal footing on the debate stage.